Molding device for hair waving



Sept. 20, 1960 G. s. GOFF MOLDING DEVICE FOR HAIR WAVING Filed Feb. 20,1959 Fl 6 8 INVENTOR.

BY GORDON S.GOFF

ATTORNEYS United States Patent This invention relates to improvements incurling rods for imparting permanent waves to the hair and isparticularly directed to a molding rod for forming permanent Waves inwhich the hair is rolled in substantially perfect circles along acircular path around the head.

For forming these permanent waves a mold member in the form of a rod isemployed, which rod is substantially circular in cross-sectionthroughout its operative length; also the rod is concavo-convexly shapedover the length thereof. A hair tress wound upon this rod assumes thecircular shape of the rod transverse cross-section, each completewinding about the rod forming a half wave. The concave-convex shape ofthe rod conforms the wave circularly around the head; the utilization ofa plurality of these rods on the hair at any given level insubstantially end to end abutment provides in the finished permanentwave a hair style in which the hair falls in a substantially perfectcircular arrangement in duplication of naturally wavy hair.

The circular arrangements, including the basic, usually complete firstcrown circle, are most generally three or four in number. Suitably therod diameters differ for each circular arrangement, although the rodlengths may be substantially the same; accordingly the upper basic crowncircle usually requires about five rods in its formation, while thelower circles require a larger number.

To facilitate the insertion of these concave-convex rods into the hair,while still maintaining the hair molding properties of the rods, I haveprovided a keeper of resilient material. This keeper is disposed on theouter surface of the rod of mold member and conforms substantially tothe outer surface of the mold member, at least in that portion of themold member which receives the hair tress. Accordingly the keeper doesnot upset the contour provided in the hair by the mold member and themold member and keeper together are adapted to support the hair woundthereon.

I so provide the keeper however that the mold member may be rotatedrelatively to the keeper. Thus when a tress of hair has been wound uponthe combination of mold member and keeper, and rolled close to the head,the mold member may be adjusted without disturbing the hair tress. Thisprovides that the mold member may readily be brought into substantialconformity with the arc of the head. Unrolling and re-rolling areeliminated and without movement of the rolled hair tress.

The keeper thus provides for retaining the hair tress positioned whileyet permitting a substantially perfect disposition of the rods or moldmembers about the head.

I have found that the keeper may suitably comprise an appropriatelywound spring structure which is sufficiently resilient transversely toprovide it in close conformity with the concave-convex mold member asthe member is rotated within the keeper. Such spring structure inaddition tends to spread the hair, resulting in even distribution.

A mesh-like sleeve of resilient material which conforms to the curvatureof the mold member is effective ICC as a keeper, since in the course ofthe application of the usual waving and neutralizing solution thematerial of the keeper will be exposed to the solutions, the materialshould be such as to retain its characteristics of rotation relative tothe mold member when wetted. Also the member should be substantiallynon-corrosive when subjected to the action of such solutions.

Springs of stainless steel, plastic covered wire, coils of plasticmaterial, and mesh-like sleeves of plastic serve well as keepers.

The structure of the hair molder may include grip means to facilitateturning of the mold member to position. Such grip means may be in theform of a projection on a mold member end portion or may be a groove inthe mold member end portion.

To secure the hair tress after the mold member is in appropriatealignment fastening means are provided in the form of a length ofresilient material arranged to be extended between end portions of themold member across the wound tress. Thus unwinding of the tress isprevented during the time period in which the waving solution and theneutralizing solution are exerting their actions.

Accordingly it is a primary object of this invention to provide a hairmolder which may be readily and accurately positioned; which iseconomical to manufacture and which has proved thoroughly efficient inthe attainment of the objectives for which it is constructed.

The invention will be more fully understood by reference to thefollowing detailed description and accompanymg drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevational view of one embodiment of thehair molder of the invention in substantially full size;

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a view illustrating a first step in the application of ahair tress to the hair molder;

Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 but illusstrating asucceeding step in the application of the hair tress to the air molder;

Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 4 but illustrating asucceeding step in the application of the hair to the hair molders withone mold member close to the head and in a position such that the moldmember does not conform to the curvature of the head;

Figure 6 is a view similar to that of Figure 5 but with all moldmembers. in position such that the members conform in curvature with thehead;

Figure 7 illustrates the mode of effecting the fastening of the hairtress; and

Figure 8 is a fragmentary view illustrating a portion of the fasteningmeans.

Initially it is to be noted that in the usual cold permanent waveprocess the hair is first saturated with waving solution and is dividedinto tresses, the tresses are then wound separately on curling rods.Each tress is retained on the rod and prohibited from tmwinding, andafter a predetermined period of time the waving solution is rinsed out.Neutralizing solution is then applied and this neutralizing solutionstops the action of the waving solution and itself requires apredetermined period of time for its function. Thereafter theneutralizing solution is rinsed out, the rods are removed and the waveis set either by finger-waving or with the use of pin curlers or thelike. The hair is then dried by forced air or otherwise, and the pincurlers or the like removed.

With the structure of this invention it is not necessary to remove thehair molder prior to settingthe hair may be set with the mold members inposition. Whereafter the dry waved hair is combed out, the wave beingcomplete. However, the hair molders of this invention may 7 be employedto simply set a wave if so desired.

Referring now specifically to the drawings there is shown at 1 in"Figure 1 a hair molder which includes an elongated, apertured, tubularmold member 2. 'Mold with the portion of the head to which it is to beapplied.

The apertures of the mold member are designated by then-umeral 3; asshown the mold member has eight'such apertures in four pairs, theapertures of a pair being op positely disposed (Figure 2). Theseapertures assist penetration of the waving and neutralizing solutions.

At the ends 4- and 5 the mold member 2 is provided with tapered slots 6,7, respectively. The slots 6 are three in number and are disposedsubstantially 60 degrees apart around the mold member circumference;also the slots extend longitudinally into rod tapering downwardly totheir inner ends. Slots 7 on end 5 are similarly provided andaccordingly need not be further specifically described; however, it isto be noted that the slots 5 and 7 6 are provided in longitudinalalignment and are disposed across the convex portion of the mold'member,the con cave portion being un-slotted. n

Extending lengthwise through the tubular mold member is a length of anelastic material Ssuch as a rubber band. A spherical head 9 at end 4 ofthe mold member receives one extremity of the elastic material 8. Asshown in Figure. 8 bead 9 has an opening 10 into which theextremity 11of the elastic material extends. A cap 12 of plastic material in openingllisecurely retains the extremity 11 positioned. Bead 13 at mold memberend 5 similarly receives the second end of the elastic material 8 andaccordingly need not be described in detail.

The" elastic material 8 is cut of such a length that-normally it isshorter than the length of the mold member 2; accordingly, as shown inFigure 1, the elastic material is in tension and draws the beads 9 and13- .into abutment with the ends 4, 5, respectively, of the mold member.

In this connection it is tobe noted that the beads suitably have adiameter which is substantially the same as the outside diameter of themold member and accordingly enterthe mold'member but very slightly, thusminimizing friction. Also, one bead is applied to the elastic materialafter the other bead is positioned and the elastic material is passedthrough the mold member.

The combination of the slots, beads and the elastic.

face of the tubular mold member; the spring is sleeved on the moldmember over a bead in assembly. The frictional engagement of the springand mold member and the transverse resiliency of the spring is such thatthe concave-convex mold member 2-may be rotated within the spring whilethe configuration of the combination is maintained. This spring extendsover at least the central portion of the mold member (Figure l) andterminates short of the end portions of the member.

Rotation of the mold member 2 Within the spring wound as illustrated inFigure l is completely free when the. spring is retained by fingerpressure in the area designated as A (Figure 5) and the directionofrotation of the mold member is that of arrow B (Figure 3), that is, out

of the plane of the paper. Rotation in the opposite direc-- tion underthe same condition is limited as the left handwo'und spring tends totighten on the mold member. This latter feature tends to inhibit anoperator from rotating the mold member incorrectly and thereby (Figure5) prevents accidental unwinding of a tress from the hair molder.

The mode of the use of the structure of Figures 1 and 2 is illustratedin Figures 3-7, inclusive. As shown in a Figure 3 a hair tress 17,wetted with waving solution,

is extended downwardly and the usual tissue 18 is applied beneath thetress and over the tress to protect the ends of the hair. r

The combination of the tress and paper is then positioned on the hairmolder as shown in Figure 3. The hair is then rolled under and upwardlytoward the head by winding the hair about the hair molder, as indicatedin Figure 4. As the molder approaches the head it may assume theposition illustrated in Figure 5 by the centrally positioned molder. Theconcave side of the central molder is away from the head, while theremaining molders of this Figure 5 are properly adjusted. Adjustment ofthe molder maybe madeas} the'molder is applied or after-a series ofmolders is applied,: as Figures Sand 6illustrate.

The tress-of hair and the tissue paper are tightly on the central hairmolder (Figure 5), and in the absence of a keeper element such asthe'spring'14- it would be necessary to unroll the hair and to' rewindit with such a length that. the concave side of the hair, molder wouldconform to the head. The provision of the spring, however, permitsfinger pressure to be applied (Figures 5, 6

'and7) in the area A over the hair and spring end.

Finger pressure may then be exerted at C to rotate the mold member intothe position indicated in Figure 6. The mold now conforms to thecurvature of the head.

The spring 14 tends toextend slightly during the rotation and thus tendsto spread the hair along the molder providing'for improved penetrationof thesolutionsused in the process. a V

For the purpose of aiding rotation of the mold member grip means,comprising aprotuberance 19, may be provided on'the mold member. Thegrip means may constitute' a series of protuberances, disposedcircumferentially around the mold and may be on-each end of the. molderWith the mold member positioned and the. left hand still pressuring themolder at the area A (Figure 6), the right hand of the operator'maywithdraw the ball 9 outwardly from the end 4 of the mold member through.

a .slot 6, over the'hair tress, and against the tension in the elasticmaterial 8. The elastic material 8 is then inserted throughtwo of theslots: 7 in the end 5 by. slightly temporarily upsetting the head 13.The head 9 is' then supported outwardly of the mold member as indicatedby the adjusted molders in Figures 5, 6 and 7, and the elastic materialbears against'the. hair tress as shown and retains the same positionedon'therod. It is to be noted that with this arrangement the bead9 doesnot interfere with positioning of the hair molders'in substantial end toend abutment.

It is also to be particularly noted that the direction of rotation ofthe mold member 2 to accurately position it is such that the tress doesnot tend to be' loosened by such rotation. The spring 14 isso wound thatthe winding is opposite in direction to the mold member rotation.

The permanent wave is then set by permitting the predetermined. periodof time to elapse, whereafter the waving solution is rinsed. from thehair. Then the neutralizingsolution is applied in the usual manner, anda predetermined period of time, usually about 5 minutes, isallowed toelapse. Thereafter the neutralizing solution is rinsed from the hair.This latterrinsing is effected while the hair molder is in position, andall of the solution is effectively removed thereby. The hair is thendried with the molder in position.

It will be apparent that by abutting a plurality of the hair molders ofthe invention in position on the head,

circularly disposed about the head,

It will be understood that this invention is susceptible to modificationin order to adapt it to difierent usages and conditions and accordingly,it is desired to comprehend such modifications within this invention asmay fall within the scope of the appended claim.

What is claimed is:

A hair molder comprising an elongated foraminous tubular mold member ofsubstantially circular crosssection and which is concave-convex over itslength, said tubular mold member having slots extending into opposedends thereof, resilient keeper means in the form of a coil springdisposed centrally onthe outer surface of the tubular mold memberconforming substantially to the outer surface configuration of the moldmember and adapted with the mold member to have a hair tress 15 woundthereon, fastener means retained by the mold member arranged to extendacross a hair tress wound 6 about the coil spring and member to preventsaid tress from unwinding, said mold member and said coil spring beingrelatively rotatable without substantial deformation of the hair molderstructure to provide for accurate positioning of the mold member inconformity with an arc of a head to which the molder is applied, andsaid fastener means comprising a pair of beads and an elastic elementwhich extends through the tubular mold member, said beads abuttingopposite ends of the molder member and said elastic element beingpassable through the slots of the mold member.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

